Temperature significantly affects tire pressure. As temperatures drop, the air molecules inside the tire move more slowly and closer together, reducing the air volume and thus the pressure. This phenomenon is directly related to the ideal gas law, which states that pressure is proportional to temperature when volume and the amount of gas are constant. For instance, a temperature drop of 10C (18F) can lead to a pressure decrease of about 2-5 psi.
Maintaining correct tire pressure is crucial for safe and efficient vehicle operation. Underinflated tires increase rolling resistance, reducing fuel economy and increasing tire wear. They also negatively impact handling and braking performance, increasing the risk of accidents. Understanding the relationship between temperature and tire pressure allows drivers to anticipate and compensate for pressure changes, ensuring optimal vehicle performance and safety throughout the year. This knowledge has become increasingly relevant with the widespread adoption of tire pressure monitoring systems (TPMS), which alert drivers to low pressure situations.
